Records related to the Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939. After the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) formed the so-called Commission d'Espagne (Commission of Spain) on August 26, 1936 which directed and coordinated all of the ICRC's humanitarian activities and operations within both the Republican and Nationalist territories. The collection covers the ...

In the interwar years, the United States grappled with economic volatility, and Americans expressed anxieties about a decline in moral values, the erosion of families and communities, and the decay of democracy. These issues prompted a profound ambivalence toward modernity, leading some individuals to turn to Italian fascism as a possible solution for the problems facing the country. The Machine Has ...

On 19 April 1940 Celso Costantini prophetically wrote in his diary that if Italy followed Hitler into war, it would be allying itself with the "Anti-Christ." Within weeks, Mussolini's fascist regime plunged Italy into the destructive maelstrom of global military conflict. The ensuing years brought world war, the fall of fascism, occupation, liberation, and the emergence of a new political order. The ...

LS, Palace of the President of Portugal in countryside, car pulls up, guard on duty. Reading papers, talking. Gen. Jordana visits the President at his villa near Estoril. Officials enter house, go upstairs. CU, valet hanging caps. Jordana leaves office. Soldiers lined up, people by fountain. Gen. Jordana (Franco's foreign minster), Portuguese Premier Salazar, and other officials arrive. Republican ...

(Paris 531) War Crimes Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, January 29, 1946. Hans Cappenlen, Norwegian, testifying in English (a court interpreter sits beside him). Cappenlen tells about concentration camps in Norway. 08:20:00 He testifies of Roma sent to Struthof concentration camp. 08:22:00 Cappenlen mentions that Gross Rosen was a "bad camp" and that the worst was the evacuation of Gross Rosen in February. ...

The Germans authorized only two Jewish organizations in occupied France: the Consistoire Central des Israélites de France, conserver of republican principles, and its seeming opposite, the Union Générale des Israélites de France, created in November 1941 as an umbrella for all Jewish welfare organizations and a tool for identifying and excluding Jews. Focuses on the leaders of these organizations and ...

The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is a private humanitarian organization based in Geneva, Switzerland and a three-time Nobel Prize Laureate. State parties (signatories) to the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols of 1977 (Protocol I, Protocol II) and 2005 have given the ICRC a mandate to protect victims of international and internal armed conflicts. Such ...

The Feiga Kerzner receipts consist of receipts Feiga and Benzion Kerzner received from the Soviet Consulate in Tehran documenting some of their donations of large sums of money, Persian carpets, shoes, and other supplies to the Red Army as their contribution in the fight against Hitler.

The institution of the Hakham Bashi was established by the Ottoman Sultan Mehmet II, as part of his policy of governing his exceedingly diverse subjects according to their own laws and authorities wherever possible. Religion was considered as primordial aspect of a communities 'national' identity, so the term Ethnarch has been applied to such religious leaders, especially the (Greek Orthodox) Ecumenical ...

667 J (01:00:12): At the "Comite Francais d'Assistance aux Refugees," branch of the American Joint Distribution Committee in Paris. The Committee provides legal and juridicial advice, to help the refugees stay in France and prepare their definitive settlement in some country. LS, relief (money) provided to Austrian refugee. CU, refugee signing receipt. LS, crowd refugees waiting in line. LS, refugees ...

Collection of documents and photographs documenting the experiences of Claude Zaidenband and his family at home in Belgium and as refugees in France and Switzerland during the time period surrounding the Holocaust. Documents include a poem titled "Espoir!" by Claude’s brother Henri, dated January 1945, and a letter from an association of former Jewish partisans, dated 1950, presumably responding to ...

Copyright Holder: American Friends Service Committee

Expelled German diplomats arriving at LaGuardia airport prior to their departure from the United States. Close-up shots of the former German consul general in San Francisco, Captain Fritz Wiedemann, and Dr. Johannes Bacher, former German consul general in New York. The men smile and talk to the press [need to verify identities]. Dark shot of a crowd of journalists on the tarmac; baggage being unloaded ...

667 J: At the "Comite Francais d'Assistance aux Refugees," branch of the American Joint Distribution Committee in Paris. The Committee provides legal and juridicial advice, to help the refugees stay in France and prepare their definitive settlement in some country. LS, relief (money) provided to Austrian refugee. CU, refugee signing receipt. LS, crowd refugees waiting in line. LS, refugees waiting ...

The collection pertains to the activities of the American, British, and French Quakers in France and North Africa, from 1933-1950. The collection encompasses the Paris-based office of the Commissioner for Europe, the AFSC's liaison with the Allied occupation governments in Germany, Austria and North Africa as of 1943; and the Quaker delegations in Paris, Bordeaux, Caen, Le Havre, Lyon, Marseille, Montauban, ...

Criminal investigation files and records of trials of residents of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic accused of wartime crimes. It includes interrogation transcripts, witness statements, arrest warrants, sketches, diagrams, photographs, and other evidentiary documents related to suspected war criminals.

Inventory 1 contains resolutions of the SNK of the USSR, of the Ukrainian SSR, and instructions on the activities of the Commission (hereafter ChGK). It also includes decisions and instructions from local authorities; instructional materials by ChGK USSR and that of the USSR; summaries of records, registers, acts, lists of crimes and damage caused by the German-Romanian occupants and their accomplices ...

The American Friends Service Committee (AFSC) is an organization associated with the Society of Friends (Quakers) that works to encourage peace and social justice matters around the world. The AFSC was founded in 1917 in response to the major humanitarian crises related to World War I. Throughout the 1920s the AFSC sought to relieve suffering by operating child feeding programs across Europe, most ...

Victor Bienstock was born on May 21, 1908 in Hartford, Connecticut. He began his career as a reporter in 1929, joining The New York World, then the New York Herald Tribune. He became managing editor of the Jewish Telegraphic Agency (JTA) from 1933-1935, then served as the JTA's chief foreign service editor in London. In England, he met and married Rebecca Kosiner. The couple had two daughters, Marion ...

This collection is highlighted by a prisoner uniform jacket from Auschwitz, stitched together by Benjamin Silberberg, a survivor of the camp, from original fabric swatches sourced from various Auschwitz camp uniforms collected when he went back to the camp after the war. Notably, one of these (unclear if original) swatches bears the prisoner number 133427, belonging to Jacques Chil Raffeld, a deportee ...

Vera Lechtman (b. 1938) was born to Sioma (1916-1945?) and Tonia (nee Bialer,1918-1996) Lechtmann in Paris, France. Born in Dunajewce, Russia (now Dunaivtsi, Ukraine), Sioma soon moved with his parents Israel and Feiga (nee Blatt) Lechtmann to Vienna, Austria. He had three sisters: Hava and twins, Luba and Buza. Following a period of increasing violence and the outbreak an Austrian civil war in 1934, ...

Contact Kazerne Dossin Documentation Centre: archives@kazernedossin.eu

Margalit Ben Ami was born on October 9, 1937, as Gretha Dotsch in Amsterdam, Netherlands. She is the middle daughter of Samuel Dotsch (b. October 11, 1911) and Elisabeth Viskoop Dotsch (b. June 25, 1910). Samuel owned a leather goods workshop in which he produced handbags and belts. Elisabeth helped in the business, but she mainly took care of the children. The oldest daughter, Sonja, was born on January ...

Contact Kazerne Dossin Documentation Centre: archives@kazernedossin.eu